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Intact Forest Landscapes identification
and mapping was carried out for the whole forest zone
in the area of approx. 56,000,000 km2, which
occupies 37.6% of the Earth's land surface.
The area of identified Intact Forest Landscapes
of the world is 13,134,731 km2. Less than
one fourth of the forest zone (23.4%) of the Earth forest
zone (regions with average tree canopy coverage above
20%) remain as Intact Forest Landscapes. That is only
8.8% of the Earth's land surface.
The remainder of forest zone has been
degraded, converted to plantations or fragmented to
areas smaller than 500 km2 in size by roads,
settlements etc. Many of these smaller areas have a
high conservation value too, due to their rarity or
their unique diversity of plant and animal species.
The vast majority of the remaining Intact
Forest Landscapes of the world are made up of the boreal
(taiga) forests of Russia, Canada and Alaska (43.9 %)
and dense lowland tropical forests of the Amazon, Congo
and South East Asia Pacific (45.7%). Some forest types
like temperate broadleaf forests have less than 4% of
Intact Forest Landscapes left.
69.3% of the world's Intact Forest Landscapes
are occupied by closed forests (forest areas with more
then 40% tree canopy coverage), 16.4% - open forests
(tree canopy coverage 20-40%) and 14.3% - non forest
ecosystems (swamps, mountain ecosystems, lakes etc.).
29.4% of the world's dense forests remain in Intact
Forest Landscapes.
Of all countries full or partly within
the forest zone, 82 have lost all of their Intact Forest
Landscapes and whilst 66 countries still have Intact
Forest Landscapes, for half of these it's less than
10% of their forest zone area.
Only fourteen countries, including Canada,
Brazil, Russia, Papua New Guinea, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, and Indonesia control 92% of the world's remaining
Intact Forest Landscapes.
Overall, only 7.9% of all Intact Forest
Landscapes lie in strictly protected areas (IUCN categories
I - III) according to UNEP/IUCN World Database on Protected
Areas.
Conservation of large Intact Forest
Landscapes is a robust and cost-effective way to conserve
biological diversity. The remoteness and large size
of these areas provide the best guarantee of continued
intactness.
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